Photothermal therapy of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and their custom synthesized composite materials

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Fe3O4 They are biocompatible, biodegradable, small enough to control and magnetically saturated, making them a popular choice in the biomedicine field. As a photothermal reagent, Fe3O4 has been recently in the spotlight. Fe3O4 crystals that have the same structure are more photoconductive than Fe3O4 nucrystals. Fe3O4 microspheres, or Fe3O4-clusters, exhibit better photothermal effects due to Fe3O4’s stronger absorption functions in the far-infrared. Animal tests also showed that Fe3O4 photothermal treatments are more effective under near infrared light.
Further exploration of the photothermal characteristics of Fe3O4 Researchers have investigated the photothermal properties of Fe3O4 macrospheres. The researchers found that microspheres larger than those with different ligands absorb more light in the near-infrared area. Fe3O4 becomes partially oxidized when it is kept for longer periods of time. Researchers have found that Polymer Ligands (small molecule and polymer) have stronger protection against Fe3O4 Microspheres. They also have the stronger anti-oxidation abilities. Fe3O4 ball microspheres with stable polymer Ligands show a better photothermal effect as well as greater stability in photothermal conditions at the cell or animal level.

Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be used as cores to enhance the photothermal properties of magnet nanoparticles. Fe3O4 and PDA composite microspheres have a core-shell arrangement. These microspheres possess good biocompatibility. They are made by the dopamine oxidatively self-polymerization. The composite microspheres are more absorbent in the near-infrared than Fe3O4 and have better photothermal properties. With increasing thickness of PDA shells, both the near-infrared absorption as well as photothermal effects of Fe3O4&PDA composite Microspheres increases.
When nanoparticles are introduced to the blood, they quickly combine with other proteins to create a protein crown. The protein crown is then swallowed, eliminated, or absorbed by the mononuclearphagocytes and reticuloendothelial and autoimmune systems. The biomimetic technique allows for the Fe3O4 Red blood cell membranes (RBCs) are used to coat microspheres. They significantly increase long-term Fe3O4 microsphere circulation. The result is effective in promoting enrichment of microspheres at the site of the tumor.
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