The Main Synthesis Method of Titanium Carbide

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What is titanium carbonide?

TiC is a cubic, light-gray, chemically insoluble crystal system.

TiC is an iron-gray crystal that has metallic luster. It’s a cubic-shaped crystal of NaCl type. The lattice constant for this structure is 0.4329nm. Fm3m stands for space group. Carbon atoms, and titanium Atoms between TiC can be considered strong covalent bond in the lattice. The bonded atoms are similar to metals in that they have a high melting, boiling, hardness and hardness. TiC can be used to make cermets as well heat-resistant alloys, cemented carides, anti-wear and radiation materials.

The Synthesis Method for Titan Carbide

Carbon black and titanium dioxide are two of the raw materials.

After the mixture of high-purity titanium dioxide with carbon black is complete, it’s press-formed using either a vertical or horizontal carbon tube furnace to create a dry powder. The titanium carbide powder is obtained by pulverizing the titanium carbide at a temperature of 19002300degC. Sponge titanium or titanium alloy, as well as titanium waste, are used to produce sponge titanium. These raw materials can be mixed with carbon black and then heated in high-purity hydrogen streams up to 15001700degC. Titanium carbide.


The direct carbonization of titanium steel:

It is reduced by sodium, or made from titanium hydride. Less than 325 mesh was mixed with carbon black. After that it was melted under pressure to 0.98 Pa. The type of raw material and the particle size, along with their reactions performance, will affect the reaction temperature and hold time.


Gas phase reaction method:

Hydrocarbons containing hydrogen (methane/benzene etc.) are mixed into the steam of titanium Tetrachloride. They are then combined with other hydrogen-containing hydrocarbons, such as methane and benzene. Reaction results in the formation of titanium carbide on substrate. Reaction conditions like the reaction temperature, gas flow rate and concentration of reaction gases are all different. The form of the precipitated titan carbide also differs.

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What is titanium carbonide? TiC is a cubic, light-gray, chemically insoluble crystal system. TiC is an iron-gray crystal that has metallic luster. It’s a cubic-shaped crystal of NaCl type. The lattice constant for this structure is 0.4329nm. Fm3m stands for space group. Carbon atoms, and titanium Atoms between TiC can… Continue reading →

Properties of Copper Nanoparticles

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properties of copper nanoparticles

Various physical, chemical and biological properties have been observed in copper nanoparticles (NPs) such as antimicrobial activity, specific drug transport, photoluminescence and anticancer activities. These properties are important to determine the potential biocompatibility of copper NPs with humans and animals.

Synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles are essential for understanding their effects on humans, animals and environment. A variety of characterization techniques are available, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements.

A TEM study of bare Cu NPs prepared by a solution process revealed that the interatomic distance of the Cu atoms is constant up to the outermost surface, which is an interatomic distance of 0.25 nm in the [1(bar 1)0] direction and significantly different from the elongated interatomic distance of bulk and monolayer Cu oxide (Supplementary Figs. 1, 2d-f).

Non-oxidized bare Cu NPs are stable in air after 15 and 31 days. The energy-loss near-edge structure of metallic Cu (Supplementary Figs. a, b and c) displayed by bare Cu NPs over time is closely akin to that of all of the displayed non-oxidized Cu NPs.

In addition, these non-oxidized bare Cu NPs were found to be stable in deionized water for 60 min, without any additional post-treatments or surface passivation processes required. This result suggests that the direct transfer of excess electrons to Cu NPs is sufficient to ensure their oxidation resistance in the mass-produced bare form, as previously observed for oxygen-adsorbed silver NPs.

properties of copper nanoparticlesVarious physical, chemical and biological properties have been observed in copper nanoparticles (NPs) such as antimicrobial activity, specific drug transport, photoluminescence and anticancer activities. These properties are important to determine the potential biocompatibility of copper NPs with humans and animals.Synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles are essential… Continue reading →

Lithium Carbonate Structure and Uses

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Lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) is a white, solid, non-hygroscopic powder or crystal. It has a density of 2.11 g/cm3 and a melting point of 724°C and boiling point of 1310°C.

It is produced from ores that contain other minerals. It is soluble in dilute acids and slightly soluble in water. It is also insoluble in acetone, ammonia and ethanol.

Biological and immunological activity: Lithium carbonate inhibits T cells and suppresses macrophage phagocytic activity in the liver, lung and peritoneal cavity. The effect on B lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cell activity was unaffected.

In animal models, lithium carbonate has an anti-inflammatory effect that is associated with increased leukocyte and erythrocyte numbers. The dose response is similar to that of other anti-inflammatory drugs.

Bipolar disorder and mania: Lithium carbonate is used to treat manic episodes of bipolar disorder. It has a narrow therapeutic range and requires careful monitoring.

Mechanism of action: The antimanic activity of lithium is thought to be related to its effects on a variety of neurohumoral signal transduction pathways. Its specific target is glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). The enzyme is phosphorylated in a number of ways that regulate gene expression, apoptosis and glutamate receptor function.

Lithium carbonate-derived compounds are important to the operation of lithium-ion batteries. This is the most common type of battery used today.

It is also used to make ceramics, medicines and catalysts. It can be found in various forms, including powder, granules and crystals.


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Lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) is a white, solid, non-hygroscopic powder or crystal. It has a density of 2.11 g/cm3 and a melting point of 724°C and boiling point of 1310°C.It is produced from ores that contain other minerals. It is soluble in dilute acids and slightly soluble in water. It is… Continue reading →

Copper Nanotubes – The Promise of High Ampacity Conductors

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Increasing portability, versatility and ubiquity of electronic devices require their conductors to become miniaturized, facilitating current flow through narrow channels. However, copper-based conductors are increasingly challenged with a lack of conductive properties, such as high-current-carrying capacity (ampacity) [22,26].

The discovery of buckyballs and carbon nanotubes in the early 1990’s led to their widespread use for electrical applications, including cathode ray tubes for flat panel displays, gas-discharge tubes in telecom networks and electrodes for electron field emitters. Their extraordinary properties, including a current-carrying capacity per unit area that is one thousand times greater than copper and a tensile strength fifty times stronger than steel, have made them highly promising for many future applications.

CNTs are a unique material, having a number of concentric cylinders arranged in a single hollow tubular structure. This design enables them to achieve a wide range of structural and electronic properties. They have a relatively high surface area, which means that they can be used as electrodes in microscale electronics and inverters, while their hollow nature makes them ideal for super capacitors. Other potential applications include batteries, which can benefit from their increased ampacity.

Increasing portability, versatility and ubiquity of electronic devices require their conductors to become miniaturized, facilitating current flow through narrow channels. However, copper-based conductors are increasingly challenged with a lack of conductive properties, such as high-current-carrying capacity (ampacity) [22,26].The discovery of buckyballs and carbon nanotubes in the early 1990’s led to… Continue reading →

The Applications of Magnesium Diboride Powder

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Magnesium Diboride Powder: Overview
Magnesium diboride An inorganic compound that has the molecular structure MgB2. It’s a gray-colored insoluble solid. It is an ionic chemical with hexagonal crystal structures. Intercalation compound containing alternating layers born and magnesium. Because of its 39 K superconductivity (-234degC), this compound is interesting. MgB2 has a composition that is different than most other transition-metal-based superconductors at low temperatures.
Although scientists have known about magnesium diboride since the 1950s, they still don’t know if it has superconductivity. That is its ability to conduct electricity flawlessly without resisting when it cools to near absolute zero. In January 2001, all this was changed. Jun Akimitsu from Tokyo’s Aoyama Gakuin University revealed that the team discovered that magnesium diboride was superconducting at a temperature of 39 Kelvin (-389 F), close to what is considered current metal. It is nearly twice the temperature of the conductor. Experimenters from all parts of the globe scrambled to reproduce and confirm this Japanese discovery.
Magnesium Diboride MGB2 Powder CAS 00725-9
What applications can Magnesium Diboride Powder be used for?
Superconducting magnets, power transmission line and sensitive magnetic fields detectors are some of the potential uses for magnesium diboride.
The new magnesium diboride material has received a lot of attention. This research is mainly focused on the properties and superconducting elements that are used in industrial synthesis and sintering. It also examines the electrical conductivity of metallic aluminum at room temperature.
MgB2 can be sintered and densified more easily than TiB2 and has an electrical conductivity which meets most requirements of aluminum electrolytic catalysts. MgB2 as well its composite materials could be widely used for aluminum electrolysis cathodes.
Different from incomplete combustion through a glass oxide coating that stops the diffusion oxygen, magnesium diboride burns entirely in either oxygen or an organic mixture. Magnesium boride is therefore proposed for use as an engine fuel. MgB2 can also be used as an enhanced explosive and propellant.
Source: Magnesium Diboride Pulver
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Magnesium Diboride Powder: Overview Magnesium diboride An inorganic compound that has the molecular structure MgB2. It’s a gray-colored insoluble solid. It is an ionic chemical with hexagonal crystal structures. Intercalation compound containing alternating layers born and magnesium. Because of its 39 K superconductivity (-234degC), this compound is interesting. MgB2 has… Continue reading →

What is lithium sulfide and its application?

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What’s lithium sulfide? Lithium Sulfide It is a yellow to white crystal that has an inverted fluorite structure. Li2S, which is a lithium sulfide, is its molecular formula. It has a molecular weight 45.95. The specific gravity to water of lithium sulfide (water = 1.66) is also 1:1.66. Lithium sulfuride has a melting point of 938°C and a boiling point of 1372°C. Lithium-sulfide dissolves easily in water. Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries can use lithium sulfide as an electrolyte.
Lithium sulfide’s physical and chemical properties
Physical properties
You can find white or yellow crystals.
Features an anti-fluorite design
The specific gravity of water is 1.66.
Water soluble, easily soluble, soluble, ethanol soluble, soluble, acid soluble, insoluble, alkali insoluble
Chemistry
Highly toxic hydrogen sulfide is released when lithium sulfide absorbs the water vapor from the air.
Separating lithium sulfide with acid will liberate hydrogen sulfuride. It can also react violently to nitric acids, but it is only possible for hydrobromic and hydroiodic acids to decompose the metal when it’s heated. The reaction with concentrated sulfuric Acid is slow, while it reacts strongly with dilute. The acid is heated to approximately 300 degrees Celsius in air. It then oxidizes by oxygen but not sulfur dioxide. Instead, it produces lithium sulfate.

Preparation and use of lithium sulfuride
You can prepare lithium sulfide in a number of ways. It was common to combine sulfur and lithium in order to create a reactant. Carbon or hydrogen could then be used to reduce lithium Sulfate with heating, to form lithium sulfide. The discovery that lithium and sulfur could act together in liquid ammonia was made later. Also, lithium ethoxide is capable of decomposing the ethanol-adduct from lithium hydrosulfide, thereby producing lithium sulfide. After this discovery, people began to use lithium pentoxide, hydrogen sulfide, to create lithium hydrogen, sulfide. They then vacuum-heat the lithium hydrogen, sulfide to make lithium sulfide.
Anhydrous lithium sulfuride is a high quality product that can be made by reacting metallic lithium in tetrahydrofuran with hydrogen sulfide.
Lithium sulfide can be used
Lithium sulfuride is primarily used in rechargeable battery lithium-ion batteries as an electrolyte.
Precautions and storage of lithium sulfide
It is easy to absorb water vapor from the air, and it hyrolyzes. This releases highly toxic hydrogen Sulfide gas. You should keep it in a dry, ventilated place, at room temperature.
The slightest amount of hydrogen sulfide can cause water body damage. Don’t expose large or undiluted amounts of product to groundwater, sewers or sewage systems. Also, don’t discharge any materials into the environs without treating.
Itching from lithium sulfide
The skin: Itching of the mucous membranes or skin
Irritation: The Effects of Irritation
Sensitization: No evidence of sensitization

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What’s lithium sulfide? Lithium Sulfide It is a yellow to white crystal that has an inverted fluorite structure. Li2S, which is a lithium sulfide, is its molecular formula. It has a molecular weight 45.95. The specific gravity to water of lithium sulfide (water = 1.66) is also 1:1.66. Lithium sulfuride… Continue reading →

What Is Sheet Iron?

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sheet iron is a type of steel material that can be used in many applications. This material is usually under 1/8 inch thick and is found in appliances and buildings.

It can be difficult for metal recyclers to separate clean sheet iron from other types of materials, so it is often sold in bulk by scrappers. In addition, it can be resold for significant amounts of money, making it one of the most commonly traded ferrous metals at a scrap yard.

There are several ways to identify sheet iron from other types of metals, including a magnet test and by its thickness. It is also important to know that some sheet iron is made of galvanized steel, which has been treated to prevent rusting.

A gauge wheel is a tool that measures the thickness of sheet metal by measuring the diameter and length of the metal. It is typically used to measure nonferrous metals (metals that do not contain iron) like copper and silver, but it is also useful when determining the gauge of ferrous metals (metals that do contain iron).

Knowing the standard sheet metal sizes can be extremely helpful when working with your metal supplier or manufacturer. Not only will this make your project easier to design, it can also save you a lot of time and money.

It is very important to iron sheets properly so they don’t wrinkle. In general, the best way to do this is with a full-size ironing board. However, if you don’t have a full-size ironing board, you can try using an ironing pad and a large bath towel on your kitchen counter or table instead.

sheet iron is a type of steel material that can be used in many applications. This material is usually under 1/8 inch thick and is found in appliances and buildings.It can be difficult for metal recyclers to separate clean sheet iron from other types of materials, so it is often… Continue reading →

Platinum Coated Titanium Anode

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A platinum coated titanium anode is an anode that synergistically combines the favorable electrochemical features of platinum (Pt) with the corrosion resistance and other characteristics of titanium.

Pt coated titanium anodes are produced by the electrochemical deposition of a thin layer of platinum metal or its oxides onto a titanium substrate. These anodes are very durable and are preferred because they remain insoluble in common electrolytes.

They are used as anodes in mercury cells and diaphragm cells for the production of chlorine and caustic alkali. In addition to being very durable, these anodes are economical because they can withstand high current densities without deteriorating.

Describes the process of coating a titanium support with platinum to provide an anode for use in cells for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chlorides, particularly for use as an anode in a cell having a relatively large current density.

Example 1 illustrates an assembly comprising a surface of platinum borne on a supporting structure of titanium which has been prepared by coating the titanium support with an initial coating of a platinum-bearing preparation consisting of a thermally reducible platinum compound in an organic vehicle. The titanium support has then been dried and fired to give a deposit of platinum of 25 grams per square metre, calculated on the cell cathode area.

The platinum-coated titanium anode has been tested under actual service conditions in experimental mercury cells and diaphragm cells with a wide range of current densities. Under these circumstances, platinum consumption rates are very low, particularly when using concentrated NaCl solution. Under seawater (ten percent saturation), a platinum consumption rate of one microgram per ampere-hour has been recorded.

A platinum coated titanium anode is an anode that synergistically combines the favorable electrochemical features of platinum (Pt) with the corrosion resistance and other characteristics of titanium.Pt coated titanium anodes are produced by the electrochemical deposition of a thin layer of platinum metal or its oxides onto a titanium substrate…. Continue reading →

The Carbon Powder Formula

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The carbon powder formula gives the molecular formula for a compound that contains only atoms of carbon. For organic compounds, the atoms are written first, followed by hydrogen atoms, and then the other elements in alphabetical order, as is the case for methyl alcohol (CH4O).

For inorganic compounds, the atoms of each element are listed starting from the one farthest to the left in the periodic table, as in CO2 or SF6. Fluorine and chlorine are in the same group, so they are listed beginning with the lower element and working up, as in CClF. Then subscripts are added to give the molecular formula.

Butane, an important gas used in cooking and as a fuel, has the empirical formula C2H5. However, it contains two formula units, so its molecular formula is C4H10.

Sucrose, a common sweetener, has 12 carbon atoms, 11 oxygen atoms, and 22 hydrogen atoms. It has the empirical formula CHO.

Nitrous oxide, an anesthetic, has 2 nitrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom per molecule. It has the empirical formula HO2CH2.

Freon-11, a propellant used to power jet airplanes, has carbon, chlorine, and fluorine in its molecular formula. It can be viewed as either an inorganic compound or an organic compound, since fluorine replaced hydrogen in the original composition.

When writing the empirical formula, the cation must be balanced by the anions, with the overall charge on the ions being equal to or less than the total charge on the ions in the formula unit. The same rule applies to polyatomic ions, as is illustrated in Table 3.1.4 “Common Polyatomic Ions and Their Names.”

The carbon powder formula gives the molecular formula for a compound that contains only atoms of carbon. For organic compounds, the atoms are written first, followed by hydrogen atoms, and then the other elements in alphabetical order, as is the case for methyl alcohol (CH4O).For inorganic compounds, the atoms of… Continue reading →

Tellurium Tetrachloride Formula

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tellurium tetrachloride formula TeCl4

In this article we will discuss the formula of tellurium tetrachloride, an inorganic compound with the empirical formula TeCl4. It is white to yellow solid that melts easily at 200 °C and can be dissolved in water.

It contains tellurium in its +4 oxidation state, along with chloride ions. This is a toxic and corrosive substance, so it should be handled with care.

The chief commercial source of selenium and tellurium is the anode slimes formed in electrolytic copper refining. The anode slimes are produced by electrolytic treatment of sulfide ores containing copper pyrites.

Selenium and tellurium can be found in the sulfide minerals pyrite (CuS), galena (PbS), and anglesite (PbSO4). They are also present as impurities in many sulfide ores, especially those containing copper pyrites.

These compounds are soluble in water and can be reduced with sulfur dioxide to brick-red elemental selenium or tellurium, respectively. These elements are used in a wide variety of applications, including phosphorus-containing fertilizers and insecticides, batteries, and metal alloying.

The toxicity of the selenium and tellurium salts varies with concentration, but ingestion of large amounts causes diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, nausea, headache, and metallic taste. Light inhalation of dust containing these materials may produce irritation of the respiratory system, dry mouth, garlic-like odor to breath and sweat, suppression of the sweat glands, and dermatitis.

The chemistry of these elements and their related compounds has been largely studied by means of spectrophotometric techniques, and the structure of some polyselenium compounds has been determined using X-ray crystallography. A number of oxyacids containing these elements have also been prepared, and some salts are stable in aqueous solutions.

tellurium tetrachloride formula TeCl4In this article we will discuss the formula of tellurium tetrachloride, an inorganic compound with the empirical formula TeCl4. It is white to yellow solid that melts easily at 200 °C and can be dissolved in water.It contains tellurium in its +4 oxidation state, along with chloride… Continue reading →